Savage conflict.  Civilized brilliance.  My work explores these two human extremes. A knowledge of history seldom alters them: we keep killing each other, we keep creating.  

I am stunned by the narcotic of violence, by its justifications and its costs.  I read about it, analyze it and try to understand its persistence.  As a palliative, I turn to cities and places I have loved, whose centuries of cultural life move us up the evolutionary ladder, away from violence. I also turn to symbolic figures or icons that represent ingenuity and courage. At times, I look for clarity in a world of blacks and whites.

I explore these extremes using the emotive punch of primary colors, mixed forms and found materials - whatever media will illustrate the persistence of war and the life line of creativity.  Each series begins with the idea, the materials join in the dialogue.